Therapeutic potential of Juglans regia L. leaf extract against diabetic retinopathy in rat

Objectives Oxidative stress has a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Juglans regia L. (JRL) leaf extract has hypoglycemic and antioxidative properties. This study aimed to determine the ameliorative effects of JRL against diabetic retinopathy. Materials and Methods The DR rat model was generated by injection of streptozotocin (STZ). A subset of the diabetic rats received JRL or metformin after the onset of hyperglycemia. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of apoptotic and inflammatory factors were assessed along with biochemical assessments of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status. Results Lipid peroxidation level and catalase activity significantly improved after JRL consumption (P<0. 001). Degeneration of the retina attenuated after JRL consumption. Attenuation of the caspase-3, COX-2, PARP, and S100B expression could be detected significantly (P<0. 001) in the JRL-treated rats. While, blood glucose level decreased after JRL consumption (P<0. 001). Conclusion JRL leaf extract exert protective effects against diabetic retinopathy.